Abstract: Underground coal mining will lead to surface displacements and deformations, which will change the original surface topography. As a result, regional surface streams and their characteristics are influenced, and eco-environment gets serious impacts. According to the original terrain, mining geological condition and plan of a coal mine in south Anhui Province, this paper used the probability integration method to predict the mining subsidence from 2014 to 2035. Based on the special analysis function in the ArcGIS software, original surface topography in 2014 was considered into the simulation of surface subsidence after mining, and DEM were contracted both in 2014 and 2035. Then, surface streams and their features in 2014 and 2035 were extracted and analyzed by using the hydrological analysis module respectively. By contract, it was found that, the underground mining resulted in big changes of topography which affected flow direction and total stream length in different levels. The number of main streams decreased from 4 to 3. The length of longest stream reduced by 2154 m. The direction of one stream even reversed in 2035. The catchment basin also combined, extended or shrunk, which would alter original special distribution of water catchment. This research will provide important reference for regional water system programming, land use plan and land reclamation design.